Abadepite bagize Komisiyo y’Imibereho y’Abaturage, mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, Umutwe w’Abadepite, batangiye gusuzuma mu mizi umushinga w’itegeko rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda. Ishingiro ry’uyu mushinga ryemejwe ku wa 5 Ugushyingo 2024.
Ingingo ijyanye no kwemerera ingimbi n’abangavu, bafite imyaka 15 kuzamura, kuba bakwifatira icyemezo ku bijyanye na serivisi z’ubuzima zitangirwa kwa muganga, ni imwe mu zaganiriweho ku munsi wa mbere w’ibi biganiro, byabaye tariki 17 Gashyantare 2025.
Itegeko n° 49/2012 ryo kuwa 22/01/2013, rigena ubwishingizi ku mwuga w’ubuvuzi, mu ngingo yaryo ya 11 risaba ko Umukozi wo mu buvuzi wabigize umwuga, mbere yo kuvura umwana, ni ukuvuga umuntu uri munsi y’imyaka 18 y’amavuko, agomba gukora uko ashoboye kose akabimenyesha ababyeyi be, umuhagarariye cyangwa se umurera, kugira ngo babanze babyemere.
Iyi ni ingingo yakomeje gukorwaho ubuvugizi n’imiryango inyuranye itari iya Leta, isaba ko yavugururwa kuko hari serivisi zo kwa muganga bitoroshye ko umwana yabwira umubyeyi we ngo amuherekeze ajye kuzifata.
Sengonga Christopher, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa Wungirije, Ushinzwe amategeko n’ubuvugizi, mu Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Nyarwanda itari iya Leta, yita ku kurwanya Virusi itera SIDA, Guteza imbere ubuzima no Guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu (Rwanda NGOs Furum) yagize ati “Ubundi nta kibazo kirimo kuba umwana yaherekezwa n’umubyeyi, ariko iyo bigeze kuri serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere ubona hari ikibazo.”
Zimwe muri izo serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere harimo nko gusaba imiti ibuza gusama n’ irinda kwandura Virusi itera SIDA, ku muntu wamaze gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye; kwivuza indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye nk’imitezi, mburugu, n’izindi; gusaba udukingirizo, n’izindi.
Abavuga ko bigoye bashingira ku kuba uwo mwana aba yakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina umubyeyi atabizi, bityo ko nta ho yahera amubwira ngo amuherekereze ajye gusaba serivisi kwa muganga.
Mu mushinga mushya w’itegeko ryatangiye kuganirwaho n’Abadepite, harimo ingingo ivuga ko imyaka y’ubukure bivuze ’imyaka 15 y’amavuko kuzamura’.
Iyi ni ingingo yazamuye impaka nyinshi ku badepite bumva ko byaba ari ukwambura inshingano ababyeyi. Umwe yagize ati “Kuvuga ngo umwana agiye kujya yikorere ibintu tutabizi, njyewe ndumva ari ibintu byaba birimo ingaruka nyinshi.”
Undi yagize ati “Aho abantu benshi tugirira n’ikibazo, ni ukuvuga ngo umwana turamwemerera gufata ama ‘contraceptif’ [imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro].”
Hon. Uwababyeyi Jeannette na we yagize ati “Kubera iki dufungurira uyu mwana w’imyaka 15 tukamugira mukuru kandi nyamara, nk’uko bagenzi banjye babigarutseho, ari umwana ukirerwa, ugikeneye gufatirwa ibyemezo n’ababyeyi.”
Dr. Athanase Rukundo, Umuyobozi Ushinzwe Serivisi z’Ubuvuzi n’Ubuzima Rusange, muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, yagaragarije Abadepite ko kugabanya iyi myaka bitakabaye bihinduka ikibazo dore ko “Usanga hari ibindi tugenda twemerera abana kandi mu myaka iri hasi.”
Dr. Athanase yatanze urugero rwo mu nkiko, aho usanga bemera ko umwana w’imyaka 14 ashobora kuryozwa icyaha yakoze ndetse no ku myaka 16 akaba yasaba kwiburanira.
Kubera iyo mpamvu rero akavuga ko “Tukumva yuko kuba twamanura iyo myaka ikagera ku myaka 15 nta kintu byabangamira ahubwo byatuma izi serivisi zirushaho gutangwa neza.”
Zimwe muri serivisi, Dr. Athanase yasobanuriye Abadepite, zakoroshywa no kumanura iyo myaka ikaba 15, zirimo kubona amakuru n’ubujyanama ku bijyanye na serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokera ndetse na serivisi z’ubwirinzi ku wa korewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.
Yagize ati “Niba bamufashe ku ngufu, nakugeraho kwa muganga byibuze wakwiye guhita wihutira kumuha cya kinini kimurinda kwandura SIDA no kumurinda gusama.”
Mu gihe iri tegeko ritaratorwa, izo serivisi ngo ntabwo yazihabwa batabanje guhamagara ababyeyi be. “Ubwo bisaba yuko ubanza guhamagara umubyeyi kugira ngo abikwemerere.”
Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yijeje Abadepite ko niba hakenwe n’ubundi bushakashatsi bushyigikira iri tegeko izabutanga.
Hari andi mategeko n’amabwiriza yemerera abari munsi y’imyaka 18 kwifatira icyemezo kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi
Nko ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi bwa virusi itera SIDA, amabwiriza agenga ibijyanye no gukumira iyi virusi, kuyivura no kwita ku wayanduye, icyiciro cya 2022 [National guidlines for HIV Prevention, Treatment and Care in Rwanda, Edition 2022] agena ko umuntu wese ufite imyaka 12 kuzamura afite uburenganzi bwo kwifatira icyemezo mu bijyanye no kwipimisha iyi virusi.
Ku myaka 16 y’ubukure kandi, yemerewe kwifatira icyemezo ku bijya no kwipima iyi virusi [self testing], bivuze ko adakeneye guherecyezwa n’umubyeyi we kugura agakoresho bifashisha bipima.
Aya mabwiriza avuga ko kandi umwana uri hagati y’imyaka 11-14, ufite virusi itera SIDA, byemewe kumuha amakuru yose ajyanye n’ubwo burwayi afite kuko aba afatwa nk’umuntu ushobora kumva ibintu byose bijyanye n’iyi ndwara, uburenganzi ndetse n’inshingano bye no kumenya kuganira n’umwitaho.
Ku bijyanye na serivisi yo gukuramo inda na byo, iteka rya minisitiri n°002/moh/2019 ryo ku wa 08/04/2019, ryavuguruwe muri 2024, rigena ibigomba kubahirizwa kugira ngo muganga akuriremo umuntu inda, mu ngingo yaryo ya 6 rivuga ko “Iyo ushaka gukurirwamo inda ari umwana, abisabirwa n’abamuhagarariye bemewe n’amategeko nyuma yo kubyumvikanaho. Iyo abamuhagarariye bemewe n’amategeko batumvikanye hagati yabo cyangwa batumvikanye n’umwana, icyifuzo cy’umwana ni cyo kitabwaho.”
Kwemerera abari munsi y’imyaka 15 kwifatira icyemezo ku buvuzi bahabwa ntibikwiye kureberwa gusa mu ndorerwamo yo kuboneza urubyaro
Umuryango HDI, uharanira guteza imbere ubuzima mu Rwanda, uvuga ko abantu badakwiye kumva ko uyu mushinga w’itegeko rigenga serivisi z’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda ugamije kwemerera abangavu kuboneza urubyaro.
Sengonga Christopher, Umuyobozi muri HDI, Ushinzwe Ibikorwa by’Ubuvugizi n’Uburengenzira ku buzima yagize ati “Ntabwo ari cyo cyonyine gikubiye muri buriya burenganzira. Ntabwo itegeko ari iryo kuboneza urubyaro, ni iry’ubuzima muri rusange.”
Yongeraho ko “Ntabwo bavuze ngo azajye gufata imiti. Baravuze ngo ‘umwana w’umukobwa cyangwa w’umuhungu, ku myaka 15 yemerewe kwifatira icyemezo cyo kujya kwivuza adaherekejwe n’umubyeyi. Kwivuza rero, ntabwo bireba gusa kujya kwaka imiti ibuza gusama.”
